Purpose - The aim of this article is to analyze and compare the share economy and the constitutionaleconomy approaches. The fact that numerous world-class multinationals have chosen to offer stockoptions to managers and bonus share incentives to employees denotes a realization that...

During the decade of the 1980s, the design and implementation of economic reforms had divided the Chinese leadership into two factions: conservative proponents of moderation and “circumscribed” economic reform, and liberal proponents of comprehensive and rapid economic and social reform....

Wage reform is an important aspect of Chinese economic reform. The success of wage reform is likely to depend upon the following understanding: Neither use of the efficiency‐oriented market wage system or use of the equity‐oriented planned wage system can solve the dual problem of economic...

The reason that the ten‐year reform has encountered difficulties is ot that there are mistakes in the overall target to develop a commodity economic system, but that the decision makers cannot understand properly the nature and structure of the commodity economic system and its market...