This paper studies the impact of exogenous and endogenous shocks (exogenous shock is used interchangeably with external shock; endogenous shock is used interchangeably with domestic shock) on output fluctuations in post-communist countries during the 2000s. The first part presents the analytical...

Globalisation or market integration in Sub-Saharan Africa is closely linked to the structural adjustment programmes. In this paper we focus on their dependence on politics and institutional characteristics of the countries concerned. In particular, we argue that one important explanation for the...

Exchange rate shocks are among those that can threaten economic growth sustainability especially in countries where exports constitute a considerable portion of its GDP. Theoretical literature conveys that exchange rate is assumed to be subject to two types of disturbances: real shocks (e.g.,...