Small nation-states and subnational regions share many similarities in terms of the challenges faced in implementing successful industrial policies. Globalization and the emergence of supranational organizations such as the European Union are also making the two sets of entities much more...

The European Union has developed a sophisticated and quite well-funded regional policy administered through its various structural funds. This policy now faces a number of severe challenges. Market forces are bringing about convergence at a snail's pace. With the regional impacts of the single...

This article examines the evolution and spatial variation in economic development policies adopted by nonmetropolitan district councils in England and Wales. Results from a recent survey reveal four distinct clusters of development strategies that range from activist to non-activist. Areas have...