Summary This paper studies the association between the unemployment experience of fathers and their sons. Based on … estimation and the Gottschalk (1996) method we investigate to what extent fathers’ unemployment is causal for offsprings …’ employment outcomes. In agreement with most of the small international literature we do not find a positive causal effect for …

Summary We apply German Mikrozensus data for the period 1996 to 2004 to investigate the employment status of mothers … substantial differences in the employment behavior of East and West German mothers. German family policy sets incentives … particularly for low income mothers not to return to the labor market after birth. East German mothers’ employment outcomes matches …

neutralised, for example, by imposing a constant wedge, the employment impact will depend on the nature of the unemployment …Summary In order to alleviate unemployment it is often recommended to reduce social security contributions (SSC) and to … compensate for the ensuing loss in revenues by a rise in the value-added tax (VAT). Assuming unemployment to be caused by …