post-unified Germany. The findings suggest that the socialist regime significantly damaged this mechanism of an …

from a socialist planned system to a market economy in East Germany. Relatively high start-up rates are found in regions …

. In this process, the poorly functioning socialist system of East Germany adopted the formal institutions and organization … of West Germany, a western-style market economy. We investigate the effect of this integration on patenting activity by …, the gap between East and West Germany widened considerably over time. This divergence in innovation activity suggests that …