starting a business. -- Entrepreneurship ; Self-Employment ; Start-ups ; Germany … increase in self-employment in Germany by 40 percent which can partly be attributed to the transformation process of East …Based on representative data, the German Micro-Census, we provide an overview of the development of self-employment and …

research and draw some conclusions for entrepreneurship policy. -- Entrepreneurship ; new business formation ; employment …

We use the historical self-employment rate as an indicator of a regional culture of entrepreneurship and link this …-up activity on regional employment is significantly higher in regions with a pronounced entrepreneurial culture. We conclude that …

institutions in the emergence of innovative start-ups in a region. We show that education and research in the applied and natural …

extent it is the business cycle or the employment status influencing entry rates into entrepreneurship. Our analysis for … Germany reveals that start-up activities are positively influenced by unemployment rates and that the cyclical component of … of low and high unemployment periods reveals a "low unemployment retard effect". -- business cycle ; self-employment …

influences the direct and the overall employment contribution of new firms. In particular, start-ups in manufacturing industries … and in knowledge-intensive service industries make a larger direct contribution to employment than start-ups affiliated …-intensive service industries. However, the impact of start-ups in innovative manufacturing industries on overall regional employment …

We investigate the persistence of levels of self-employment and new business formation in different time periods and … under different framework conditions. The analysis shows that high levels of regional self-employment and new business … and that they have long-lasting effects. -- Entrepreneurship ; self-employment ; new business formation ; persistence …

effects on incumbents are considerably larger than the employment that is directly generated in the start-ups. We draw …We investigate the effects that new business formation has on employment in incumbent firms and compare it to the … development in the start-ups. The analysis is performed for West German regions over the 1984-2002 period. It shows that the …