The expansion of a given land use may affect deforestation directly if forests are cleared to free land for this use …. Unlike direct land conversion, indirect land-use changes affecting deforestation are not immediately observable. They require …

for payments for Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD). Given that REDD will not represent a …

This paper investigates the direct and indirect impacts of ethanol production on land use, deforestation and food … of direct land competition between rival uses increases deforestation and decreases food production. Second, an indirect … displacement of food production across regions, provoked by a shift in the price of food, increases deforestation and reduces the …

The environmental integrity of a mechanism rewarding Reduced Emissions from Deforestation and Degradation (REDD …

the 1980s. This article examines the hypothesis that heavy foreign debt causes a high rate of tropical deforestation … between debt, agricultural expansion and deforestation. Empirical evidence from tropical developing countries indicates that … debt and deforestation are positively linked. The article concludes by suggesting that reducing the debt burden of …

economic downturns. With this in mind, can we examine world history over the long-term to enable us to provide a more … that have emerged during different periods of world history when the world system was/is in crisis: Christian monasticism … ecological crises has also sparked movements expounding alternative world-views and lifestyle options. One such anti …