We study the role of institutional development as a causal mechanism of history affecting current economic performance. Several indicators capturing different dimensions of early development in 1500AD are used to remove the endogenous component of the variations in institutions. These indicators...

Using over half a century of R&D data for India, this paper tests whether the second-generation endogenous growth theories are consistent with India's growth experience. Furthermore, the paper examines the extent to which growth in India can be explained by R&D activity, international R&D...