Rules of origin (RoO) are legitimate policy instruments to prevent trade deflection in a Preferential Trade Agreement (PTA) short of a customs union. Yet, when captured by special interest groups, RoO can restrict trade beyond what is needed to prevent trade deflection. By how much do political...

This paper examines synchronization in the euro area and the role of intra-EMU trade from 1981 to 2011, focusing in particular on southern European countries. The results indicate that the intensification of synchronisation that occurred in the nineties across almost all countries could...

This paper examines the long-run and short- run effects of depreciation/ devaluation for major European Union countries (Germany, France, the Unit - ed Kingdom, and Italy) over the 1975-1997 period. The approach is based on cointegration techniques proposed by Johansen [1988] and uses quarterly...

The aim of this paper is to investigate whether price dynamics is homogeneous across the Eurozone countries. Relying on monthly data over the January 1970~July 2011 period, we test for the absolute purchasing power parity (PPP) hypothesis through the implementation of second and third-generation...

Following the 2008 financial crisis, the world’s attention was drawn to the periphery of the European Union, where economic openness and pegs to the Euro combined to destabilize the region. This study measures the output volatility of a set of Central and Eastern European countries from the...

This paper examines the relevance of the Balassa-Samuelson productivity-bias hypothesis for explaining long-run permanent shocks in the real exchange rates. The sample consists of yearly data on real exchange rates and productivity for six OECD countries. On the basis of Johansens maximum...

We recommend a Bretton Woods system along structural lines. A key component of the case is the substitution of the money transmission mechanism by the credit transmission mechanism. We suggest that the real exchange rate be the variable of cooperation between countries that are free to set...

The model developed in this article leads to a reduced form that synthesizes the relevant determinants of job creation in a small open economy. Among these factors, we stress the role of competitiveness that is measured by an indicator taking into account the foreign price sensitiveness of...

As industrialization and globalization are spread across the world, price competition is growing fierce in the final-good sector while many intermediate goods are enjoying global imperfect competition. Hence, when prices of intermediate goods are globally sticky in LCP (local-currency pricing)...

This paper analyzes the macroeconomic effect of production relocation by using an open economy macroeconomic model. Our analysis shows, paradoxically, that acceleration in production relocation might have an expansive effect on the home economy. We also show that monetary expansion has...