The existence and development of internal labor markets has a strong impact on the structure of wages and employment. The paper discusses three important aspects of internal labor markets. Firstly, segregation due to qualification has been growing between establishments during the last years,...

Company-level pacts for employment are agreements betweenmanagement and the company’s work force that are characterized by concessions from both bargaining partners. Employees agree to company-specific deviations from a collective contract that include negative components like reduced wages or...

Firms are affected by the product demand. This leads to employment adjustments. In the literature we find only very few contributions investigating the issue whether internal adjustments are linked and which relationships exist with external adjustments. Are they of a complementary or...

Collective wage contracts impose restrictions on wage-setting. We utilize German linked employer-employee data for blue-collar worker to compute the dispersion of wages and wage components within and across firms under three different wage-setting regimes: Establishments applying industry-wide...