Since the collapse of communism in the former Soviet Union and in Eastern Europe, the rise of organised crime has been swift and substantial. It has taken control of many sectors of the economy in these countries and, because of its newly amassed wealth, it has attained significant political...

Advancing technology has improved the ability of financial institutions and their users to conduct cybercommerce. Improved technology, however, has also provided an opportunity for criminals and fraudsters to use computer software systems to transfer their illicit gains and thereby sustain their...

On 12th March, 1996, President Clinton signed into law the Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity Act. The Act, better known as the Helms‐Burton bill, intends to increase pressure on the Castro regime by tightening the 35‐year‐old US trade embargo against Cuba. Title III of the Act...

The Cuban Liberty and Democratic Solidarity Act (the Act) provides for extraterritorial jurisdiction and sanctions against foreign companies which traffic in confiscated US‐owned Cuban property. The Act provides US nationals with a private right of action in US courts against foreign companies...

The need for international regulation of financial markets became apparent in the mid‐1970s in response to the post‐Bretton Woods liberalisation of financial markets. The elimination of the fixed exchange rate parity with gold resulted in the privatisation of financial risk, which created...