After executing option orders, options market makers turn to the stock market to hedge away the underlying stock … independent of options. The analysis shows that the option-induced imbalance significantly predicts future stock returns in the … cross section controlling for the past stock and options returns, but the imbalance independent of options has only a …

options on the S&P 500 futures expire (pinning) and are pushed away from the cost-of-carry adjusted at-the-money strike price … right before the expiration of options on the S&P 500 index (anti-cross-pinning). These effects are driven by the interplay … (and early exercise) of in-the-money options by individual investors. The associated shift in notional futures value is at …

earns abnormal returns of 1.55% through the end of the quarter. Net of fees, hedge funds using options deliver higher …

expense of debt, a risk-averse manager may be more likely to retain vested in-the-money options if the manager has private …