Characteristics of national cultures have frequently been claimed to influence the selection of entry modes. This article investigates this claim by developing a theoretical argument for why culture should influence the choice of entry. Two hypotheses are derived which relate culture to entry...

This article suggests how the literature on East-West trade and the choice of contrasts can be integrated into recent work on the theory of the multinational corporation and contract enforceability. By using the properties of foreign direct investment as a benchmark, it explains why one type of...

Firms are social communities that specialize in the creation and internal transfer of knowledge. The multinational corporation arises not out of the failure of markets for the buying and selling of knowledge, but out of its superior efficiency as an organizational vehicle by which to transfer...

The formulation of strategy can be fruitfully viewed as placing bets on certain markets and on certain links of the value-added chain. The key to understanding a global strategy is to locate how competitive positions in one national market change the economics for entry into the other countries...

Studies on foreign direct investment (FDI) have concentrated on sectoral effects, but rarely on country patterns, In this paper, we use U.S. Department of Commerce data to identify the largest country shares of new FDI entries into the U.S. and the technological motivations for their...