Modern corporate governance is concerned with the tension between the separation of ownership and control and the potential for large controlling shareholders to expropriate from minority shareholders. This article considers this tension in a historical context. Limits were sometimes placed on...

We consider the extent to which an individual’s height affected the age at which he entered into criminal activity in early America. Using data on prisoners incarcerated in Pennsylvania’s nineteenth-century prisons, we show that prisoners were short relative to the contemporary population....