Using a modified version of Freeman's (1996) payment system model, the optimal intraday rate is examined. The production set is modified to account for a non-degenerate distribution of settlements within a day. In addition to the modified production set, the consumption set is modified. A...

This paper studies the incentives of participants in a real-time gross settlement system with and without the addition of a liquidity-saving mechanism (LSM). Participants in the model face a liquidity shock and different costs for delaying payments. They trade off the cost of delaying a payment...