This article is about the financial structure and capitalization of agricultural cooperatives. It is not an article directly about agricultural cooperatives and industrialization, merger, strategic alliance, concentration and centralization, and globalization. It is a more modest work about the...

A historical analysis of the financial assistance given by the State of Israel to the kibbutzim during the 1960s and 1970s exposes an intriguing contrast, between the capacity of this assistance to help the kibbutzim endure economic difficulties on the one hand, and the deep dependence which it...

Financing agricultural producers is one of the most acute problems within the entire scope of economic reforms in Kazakhstan. State financial support for agriculture in Kazakhstan is episodic in nature, small in size, and seldom reaches the target recipients, while the commercial banks are...

This case study looks at the processes and functioning of mutually aided cooperative societies (MACS), the “liberal†cooperatives created through special legislation by Andhra Pradesh, India in a drive to make the cooperative structure more member- and growth-centric and less...

The historical development and performance of rural supply and marketing cooperatives (SMCs) in China are examined and linked to various reform periods. SMCs suffered a loss of focus on members as well as member control during several periods of reform and experienced declining financial...

The last years have witnessed a wide reshaping of the banking scene, the aftermath of which includes an increased risk of operative downsizing of the banking system towards certain customer segmentations, marginal areas and activities. Recently the banking scene has deteriorated, especially at...

In Hungary an increasing number of agricultural cooperatives have gone bankrupt or have broken up due to a lack of competitiveness under market conditions, in the aftermath of radical reforms. Others, however, have been able to maintain or even improve on previous levels of success. Individual...

The Israeli Moshav cooperative was designed as a group of homogeneous family farms, all equal in size and resources. Over the years, processes of selective migration and specialization have increased heterogeneity within each Moshav. This has led to destabilization of the social and economic...

With the break-down of the socialist regime in East Germany in 1989/90 the collective farms had to be transformed or to be dissolved. At that time, it had been anticipated by (mostly West German) politicians and agricultural economists alike that collective farms would soon wither away and be...

This paper examines the profitability of a balanced sample of 58 North Dakota farm supply and grain marketing cooperatives over the period 2003– 2007. Our findings reveal that increased liquidity tended to allow farm supply cooperatives to operate more efficiently, but reduced the...