In 1995 the ICA adopted a revised set of cooperative principles to guide the movement through the global era of deregulation and competitiveness. This paper, on the basis of the cooperative experience in Canada and emerging trends, deals with the appropriateness of the new ICA principles in...

Agricultural cooperatives in Brazil, as in other countries, develop through vertical integration in order to promote industrialization of the agricultural product and to aggregate the value of agricultural commodities. The vertical integration strategy was a predominant business planning adopted...

The paper addressees the issues of integration and globalization in the Czech agro-food chain. It describes the situation before 1989 when partial processes of integration took place under strong influence of the state. The relatively closed communist system disabled the globalization as...

Vertical coordination in agri-food chains is a significant and increasing phenomenon in Central and Eastern European Countries (CEEC). It has been observed that this development prefers large scale production. However, the agricultural sector is still a mixture of small scale and large scale...

Dairy cooperative structures in Ireland have evolved through time. Ireland’s twentieth century dairy cooperatives emerged in a market environment that is vastly different from the one in which they operate today. This paper looks firstly at the broad evolution of structural changes in...

This paper analyzes Chinese farmers’ participation in agricultural cooperatives. Special focus is placed on the country’s cultural and institutional background and its impact on cooperatives’ governance structure. The impact of differences in regional economic and social...

In Russia many agricultural supply and marketing cooperatives have been established by governmental authorities, and agricultural producers may join them freely. Although this practice is contrary to cooperative experiences historically and internationally it may have a rationale; the development...

The Israeli Moshav cooperative was designed as a group of homogeneous family farms, all equal in size and resources. Over the years, processes of selective migration and specialization have increased heterogeneity within each Moshav. This has led to destabilization of the social and economic...

With the break-down of the socialist regime in East Germany in 1989/90 the collective farms had to be transformed or to be dissolved. At that time, it had been anticipated by (mostly West German) politicians and agricultural economists alike that collective farms would soon wither away and be...

This paper explores the attitudes of members of three moshavim located in different parts of Israel regarding the reasons for the weakening of the cooperation within their cooperative association and settlement. Major reasons include government policy and the inability of the moshav cooperative...