In this journal, van Reeven (2008) develops a model aimed at showing that scale economies on users' time costs would not provide a justification for public transport subsidies. He claims that a profit-maximising operator allowed to take the demand effects of its pricing into account would offer...

Within the context of transport cost functions, network variables have been traditionally used to calculate what is called economies of scale (RTS) as opposed to those of density (RTD). This paper argues that increasing network size is unambiguously associated with an increase in the number of...

Transport network expansions have usually been analysed calculating returns to scale with variable network size (RTS), which has been shown to suffer from a number of shortcomings because, in the end, it attempts to capture as a scale property something that in fact is related with scope, namely...

The microeconomic analysis of public transportation involves the optimisation of all resources, both users'and operators'. This has been applied to optimise frequency and fleet size for isolated transit lines, as well as to study optimal spacing for multiple lines serving a single destination....