Empirical work shows that competition is important for promoting economic growth. However, in Japan the promotion of … competition has long been compromised by ministerial guidance and exemptions from the competition law. Thus, the level and growth … Japanese economy had difficulty in coming out of the quasi-stagnation of the past decade. Recognising that gains from more pro-competition …

competition is important for promoting economic growth. Recognising the benefits of competition, the government wants to introduce … regulatory reforms to stimulate economic growth. However, the promotion of competition has often conflicted with other policy … competition in a number of sectors, resulting in high prices, weak innovative activity and inefficient resource allocation …

. Available cross-country evidence suggests that enhancing competition is an important means to improve economic performance …. France is catching up with best practice in competition policy reform. However, other policy considerations often hamper the … emergence of effective competition. Relatively weak competitive pressures remain in a number of sectors, particularly in …