This paper reviews the empirical evidence on firm heterogeneity in international trade. A first wave of empirical … findings from micro data on plants and firms proposed challenges for existing models of international trade and inspired the … multi-product firms, offshoring, intra-firm trade and firm export market dynamics …

mechanism ndash; spaghetti bowls as building blocs ndash; whereby offshoring creates a force that encourages the …

The rise of offshoring of intermediate inputs raises important questions for commercial policy. Do the distinguishing … features of offshoring introduce novel reasons for trade policy intervention? Does offshoring create new problems of global … policy cooperation whose solutions require international agreements with novel features? Can trade agreements that are …

offshoring in the short run and in the long run (when technology levels are endogenous). The short-run analysis shows that when … research efforts in response to increased offshoring. In particular, the rich country always gains from increased fragmentation …

Can a country gain international competitiveness by the design of optimal monetary stabilization rules? This paper … exports. The welfare gains from international policy coordination are large relative to the case of self-oriented, strategic …

This paper studies price and quality differences across international intermediate input suppliers. We develop price …

This paper exploits a unique offshoring survey to show that firms continue domestic production of the same goods they …. Firms’ reactions also motivate a new offshoring measure – produced- good imports – that is readily observed in most firm …