fiscal stance when public-debt-to-GDP ratios are higher - but only in the euro area, not in advanced stand-alone countries …

debt above 60 percent or deficits above 3 percent of GDP. We find that the proposed framework would require ambitious … fiscal adjustment: on average, more than 2 percent of GDP over the medium term, in addition to the adjustment that is already … framework. We also find that for most countries with debt above 60 percent of GDP, these adjustment requirements are driven by …

lower when policymakers overestimate GDP growth ex-ante. Finally, a solid institutional environment supporting commitment to …