Bundesbank and the Bank of Japan each focus on one money target, described by the Bundesbank as a target, and by the Bank of … Japan as a projection. None of the countries has stuck rigorously to the targets, though the Bank of Japan has come close …Monetary policies in the U.S., Japan, Germany and the United Kingdom over the period 1973-1986 are compared and …

rehabilitate the U.S. banking industry. Many of those strategies were used also in Japan to combat its banking problems in the 1990 … respect to four of the others. So far the U.S. has avoided Japan's problem of having impaired banks prop up zombie firms …

; rather than the supply of liquidity by a national central bank alone; by making real interest rates dependent on the global …

fundamental reserve demands of Fed member banks, we find that despite being doubled, reserve requirements were not binding on bank …

Bank balance sheet lending is commonly viewed as the predominant form of lending. We document and study two margins of … document the limits of the shadow bank substitution margin: shadow banks substitute for traditional—deposit-taking—banks in … quantitative consequences of several policies on lending volume and pricing, bank stability, and the distribution of consumer …

and central bank conservatism on economic performance. Several striking conclusions emerge. In relatively centralized … of central bank conservatism. A radical-populist central banker who cares not at all about inflation (alternatively, who …