protected notes (EL-PAM-PPNs) and the mean return and volatility of the underlying portfolio using 1568 EL-PAM-PPNs issued in … the UK and Canada between 2003 and 2015. We find that: (i) the underlying portfolio’s mean return decreases the note … holding cost; (ii) the underlying portfolio’s volatility increases the note return and decreases the note holding cost; (iii …

250-day time window were investigated by measuring realized stock returns and realized volatility. We examined the normal … distribution and frequency distribution for both daily stock returns and volatility. We also determined the beta-coefficient and …. We compared the stock volatility and stock returns for specific time periods i.e., non-crisis, before crisis and during …

growing importance of emerging markets, the literature on the nature of volatility in global markets is typified by … volatility in developed G7 and emerging BRICS markets. Broad market index data and GARCH models over the period 2003 …:01–2020:08 were employed. The study found evidence of volatility persistence, asymmetry, mean reversion and weak evidence of a risk …

methods indicate that volatility connectedness is higher than the return connectedness among these assets. Furthermore …

This paper studies the effect of COVID-19 on the volatility of Australian stock returns and the effect of negative and … positive news (shocks) by investigating the asymmetric nature of the shocks and leverage impact on volatility. We employ a … than the GARCH model in estimating the volatility of the Australian stock returns. However, another interesting finding is …

volatility in developed (US, Australia), emerging (Turkey, Poland), and frontier (Morocco, Jordan) markets. A study using a GJR … waves. Furthermore, in the aftermath of the pandemic development, an increase in the volatility of stock returns can be …