This paper investigates individual pensions and long-term financial sustainability of the pension system in the face of the current pension legislation from 2002 to 2015 and under the new pension formula , which comes into force in 2015, according to the Federal Law "On Insurance Pensions". The...

The goal of this paper is to offer a non-technical interpretation of the "Great Divergence" and "Great Convergence" stories. After reviewing existing explanations in the literature, I propose a different interpretation. Western countries exited the Malthusian trap by destroying traditional...

Uzbekistan is not usually considered an economic success story, but in fact it is: its GDP increased since 1989 more than in any other post-communist country, except for China, Vietnam and Turkmenistan. The success of Uzbekistan is very much similar to the Chinese - gradual economic reforms with...

Strict protection of IPR can have a negative effect on economic development. Regression of economic growth on these indices produces conventional results (positive effect of stricter protection of IPR on growth) only if indices of institutional capacity (government effectiveness, control over...

Sometimes industrial police is a success story, but sometimes it is a total failure. It seems like the best results are achieved in countries that (1) support industries oriented not only towards import substitution, but also towards export, at least in the longer run, and (2) support not all...