Avoiding concentration or saturation of activities is fundamental in many environmental and urban planning contexts. Examples include dispersing retail and restaurant outlets, sensitivity to impacts in forest utilization, spatial equity of waste disposal, ensuring public safety associated with...

This paper presents tests conducted on routes determined from a Dijkstra-based shortest path problem and a Variance-Constrained Shortest Path problem under varying conditions of traffic and weather in a simulated ‘smart environment’. Utilizing envisioned future advanced transportation...