This article criticizes that the personnel management system for Korean public officials is seriously lacking competition among public employees and fails to nurture their competence and confidence due to too much reliance on rank, seniority, closed recruitment, and excessive rotation of...

Korea's public employees have made significant contributions to the country's rapid economic growth and social development. In recent years, however, there has been growing concern that the competitiveness of Korea's public employees is lagging behind Korea's private sector employees as well as...

Despite its positive impacts, public participation often begets a representativeness problem due to participants’ opportunism and opportunity cost. Using the survey on 2,000 citizens in South Korea, the research results show that: (1) citizens’ opportunism in terms of self-interest or...