We quantify dynamic effect of shifts of exchange rate system from the dollar-peg to the basket- peg or floating and obtain transition paths for the shifts, based on a dynamic small open-economy model. We find that a small open country will be better off shifting to the basket-peg or floating...

Recently, there is anupward tendency for switching external debts to domestic borrowings in many developing countries. While the domestic government bonds market development could reduce the sovereign exposure to currency risk, there are also potential risks faced by the government; namely:...

Since the first oil shock in 1973 oil prices began to increase drastically. The 1973 and 1979 oil price shocks can be explained by supply reasons, but since the 80's, oil prices came under another type of increasing pressure. We argue that this latter with the exception of first Gulf War...