This chapter reviews academic research on the connections between agglomeration and innovation. We first describe the … conceptual distinctions between invention and innovation. We then describe how these factors are frequently measured in the data …, industrial diversity) that theoretical and empirical work link to innovation, and we discuss factors that help sustain these …

have influenced the direction of innovation over the last four decades. Our findings suggest that the demography of …

We provide evidence that risk aversion leads pharmaceutical firms to underinvest in radical andnovel innovation. We do …, reducing their willingness to investin potentially valuable radical innovation …

. -- Universities ; University departments ; Research ; Education ; Innovation …

This paper aims to provide an overview of the recently introduced demand based innovation policy instrument in Finland … - the Strategic Centers for Science, Technology and Innovation (in Finnish - SHOKs). SHOKs are formed to support the … innovative activities of existing industries in Finland with emphasis on industrial renewal through innovation. The focus in this …

reforms that would likely increase the rate of innovation and the number of startups due to immigrants in the country. Key …