delicately on a trade-off between the benefits of supplier-specific rather than generally applicable retailer investment, and the …

transport business is accompanied by a comprehensive liberalisation of electricity trade. The extent of this liberalisation … decides whether competition between different trade institutions, e.g. between electricity exchanges and bilateral contracts …, could develop. Therefore, the regulations of the electricity trade are a main focus of the paper. In addition, the paper …

market power. Two main results are shown. First, in the presence of buyer power trade liberalization may lead to retail … market concentration. Due to this concentration retail prices may be higher and welfare may be lower in free trade than in … autarky, thus reversing the standard effects of trade liberalization. Second, the pro-competitive effects of trade …

trade for a panel of 37 developed and emerging economies during the period 1995-2011. We find significant and non …-linear effects of overall infrastructure and infrastructure in transportation, communication, energy, and finance on trade in … trade after accounting for potential reverse causality. …

exemplify possible applications related to trade and FDI. By overcoming several data limitations, our new global index can help …

. We first gauge the impact of the sanctions' regime using a structural gravity framework and quantify the trade losses in … by the Russian embargo. Instead, the disruption of the provision of trade finance services is found to have played an …

When, about twenty years ago, the Euro was created, one objective was to facilitate intra-European trade by reducing … transaction costs. Has the Euro delivered? Using sectoral trade data from 1995 to 2014 and applying structural gravity modeling … trade effect for goods of almost 8 percent, but a much smaller effect for services trade. Digging deeper, we detect …