differentiation and component innovation. We show that, as the complexity of the product spaces increases, stronger patent regimes …

This paper analyses the evolution of the intellectual property regime (IPR), and more precisely the patent regime, in … patent regimes can only be understood in relation to changes in the main institutional forms of capitalism: forms of the firm …

involvement and cooperation in patent activities. In addition, an econometric analysis was employed to investigate the statistical …

inventions and their evolution over time and across industries. Second, by exploiting the peculiarities of Italian patent … legislation which established a maximum patent length of fifteen years and a flexible renewal scheme which allowed inventors to … maintain a patent “alive” for almost any specific duration, we assess the relative quality of independent and corporate patents …

quality of the patent granting process. To do so we examine a policy change that aimed at including the information revealed …, suggesting that the process of patent granting has become more careful and selective after the policy implementation. …

reviewing a few theoretical arguments that economists have formulated on the effects of a system of patent protection. We will … United States is that doing so will outline the broad template of patent policy reform that has been adopted by policy makers …. The final part of this essay, explores the likely impact of harmonization of international patent laws - including TRIPS …

The role of the patent system in the pharmaceutical sector is highly debated also due to its strong public health … different configurations of the patent system upon innovation and competition. The model is able to replicate the main stylized …

witnessed by the fact that patent applications are very skewed in the covered trade names and patent thickness expands over time … pharmaceutical firms, between patent portfolio and profit margins. …

The recent surge of patent disputes plays an important role in discouraging firms from entering new technology domains … at EPO between 2000 and 2015, we construct a new measure of litigiousness using patent opposition data. We find that the … degree of litigiousness and the density of patent thickets negatively affect the likelihood of firms entering new TDs. Across …

to patent. Our study records how brewery innovators pursued a wide variety of highly distinct appropriability strategies … strategies could co-exist, although some brewery insiders maintaineda suspicion of the promoters of patent technologies which … could support trade in inventions even without the use of the patent system. …