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This paper is an empirical overview of inequalities of pension outcomes in six European countries, which are shaped by a variety of institutional pensions schemes. The study contrasts pension system regulation in Denmark, Finland, Germany, Italy, Sweden and the United Kingdom; and analyses their...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011335792
This paper presents findings on the changing effectiveness of cash transfers and income taxes on inequality and poverty … relationship between the concentration of cash transfers net of direct taxes and their effectiveness in terms of reducing poverty … and inequality. The strength of the relationship varies between countries and in some cases between the all age and the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011335815
different regulatory approaches may, in the end, have quite diverse implications on income inequality among the elderly. A … affected the income position of high-income pensioners. However, also the structure of public pension benefits had a poverty …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011335816
occurred along the income distribution, and reversed increases in inequality. A notable shortcoming across many countries was …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011335787
episodes in order to prevent rising income inequality. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011335798
inequality generated in the market? In order to answer these questions, we need to be equipped with adequate measures of …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010335510
This paper provides an overview of different approaches to old age security and their societal outcome in three advanced welfare states: Denmark, Finland, and the United Kingdom. All three countries established a public first tier minimum pension, which was also pursued in the following. Reform...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010335513
variables are LIS data on market income inequality (measured by the Gini index) for households with a head aged 25 to 59 and the … inequality has increased in the United States because the country failed to invest sufficiently in education. The main … determinants of market income inequality are (in order of size of the effect) family structure (single mother households), union …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10010335556
premium levels and changes within countries. For the literature on income inequality, these findings imply the need to pay …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012060319
yield higher inequality as measured by the Gini (0-9 pc.pt. increase) and the top 1% and 10% income shares (0-5, and 1-5 pc … mismeasurement rise. Taxable income is subject to the highest inequality, which further undergoes the highest upward correction for … corrections confirm the inequality-neutral impact of pensions in Mexico, and equalizing impacts of transfers, direct taxes …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10012060349