Social vulnerability for older persons, especially older women, due to insufficient income in retirement and earlier in … children. We assess the net effects of existing policies on poverty and low income and wealth. While best practices may be … efforts in fighting elder poverty, and by the Australian superannuation retirement income system. However, the developing …

, pensioners are compared on their poverty rates and inequality. The redistribution paradox states that poverty will be the highest …) poverty rates are much higher than in the Netherlands (universal minimum pension). Poverty rates are higher for elderly women … inequality in income is higher for men than for women both in Belgium and in the Netherlands. In order to minimize poverty and …

Japan, a larger extent of income inequality is manifest particularly among households with young children. The poverty rate …

reducing poverty through social assistance payments are calculated using several measures of poverty for five selected EU … poverty alleviation, the results provide some evidence that extremely centralised systems are more effective with regard to …