We examine the poverty rates and the income configurations among Japan and the LIS countries. The LIS countries are … Germany, Italy, the UK, Denmark, the US, and Taiwan. We divide household including elderly into five types: living alone … decreasing recently in Japan. In Japan and Taiwan even in households cohabiting with children, the poverty rates and income …

The paper investigates the definition of equity-regarding poverty measures when there are different household types in … the population. It derives the implications of a between-type regressive transfer principle for poverty measures, for the … choice of poverty lines and for the measurement of living standard. The role of equivalence scales which are popular in …

The objective of this paper is to distinguish between different types of working poverty, on the basis of the … mechanisms that produce it. Whereas the poverty literature identifies a myriad of risk factors and of categories of disadvantaged … workers, we focus on three immediate causes of working poverty, namely low wage rate, weak labour force attachment, and high …

Despite its centrality to contemporary inequality, working poverty is often popularly discussed but rarely studied by … circa 2000. We demonstrate that working poverty does not simply mirror overall poverty and that there is greater cross …-national variation in working than overall poverty. We then examine four explanations for working poverty: demographic characteristics …

reducing poverty through social assistance payments are calculated using several measures of poverty for five selected EU … poverty alleviation, the results provide some evidence that extremely centralised systems are more effective with regard to …

The standard poverty lines applied in empirical research tend to be problematic in terms of validity, reliability, ease … single person, which is subsequently generalised to other household types and over time. The empirical analyses try to assess … related to actual differences in the 'production of poverty' in 11 countries, as measured by the generalised budget approach …

tested on two cases namely Belgium and the Netherlands. Based on micro data on household income as found in the LIS database …, pensioners are compared on their poverty rates and inequality. The redistribution paradox states that poverty will be the highest …) poverty rates are much higher than in the Netherlands (universal minimum pension). Poverty rates are higher for elderly women …

This paper examines the effect of family-oriented policies on wives economic dependency within the household. Using … assertion that increasing the level of women's economic activity improves their standing within the household. Nonetheless, the … in order to increase gender equality within the household, policies should aim not only at facilitating women …

contributed a larger share of total household earnings, and earnings inequality among women was relatively low. In societies with … extensive financial support policies, women contributed a smaller share to total household earnings, and inequality among the …