Economists have traditionally been very cautious when studying the interaction between employment and health because of … the two-way causal relationship between these two variables: health status influences the probability of being employed … and, at the same time, working affects the health status. Because these two variables are determined simultaneously …

An ambitious reform to increase efficiency of the Portuguese health care system was launched in 2002. In contrast to … health sector, making changes essentially irreversible. The reform has two main aims: to deliver better-quality public health … services than at present but at no higher cost; and to reduce the underlying growth rate of public health-care spending over …

suggests that this may have negative long-term health effects on their offspring. Building upon the work of Almond and Mazumder …’s pregnancy have a poorer general health and are sick more often than people who were not exposed. This effect is especially … pronounced among older people, who, when exposed, also report health problems more often that are indicative of coronary heart …

We investigate if there is a causal link between education and health knowledge using data from the 1984/85 and 1991 …/92 waves of the UK Health and Lifestyle Survey (HALS). Uniquely, the survey asks respondents what they think are the main … causes of ten common health conditions, and we compare these answers to those given by medical professionals to form an index …

and those with access to health insurance have higher levels of subjective well-being. Time spent walking or exercising is … positively correlated with happiness, while working more than 50 hours per week or spending time on health-related activities is …

for mental health, and a detrimental impact on employability and medical costs. While these trends cannot be easily …-level policies improving access to health care and early-childhood education, state-level initiatives favouring workplace flexibility …, firm-level investments in job quality and greater attention to the health consequences of job-stress. If successfully …