Since 2000; international trade has been characterized by a strong demand for primary products; an acceleration of exports from large emerging countries and a rise in trade in services under the leadership of developed countries. How did European specialization evolve in such environment? Europe...

The Eurozone crisis is much more than a sovereign debt crisis. It puts into question the whole architecture of economic policy, from monetary policy to macroeconomic surveillance and sanctions. Beyond the short-run urgencies, EU members need to come out with a clear view of what kind of...

One almost no longer speaks about them. Neither in international forums, where sound economic policies essentially mean structural reforms, enhanced competition, trade integration and financial supervision; nor in the public debate, except to assign them objectives which are mainly out of their...

Over the past ten years, the emerging economies, being exporters of manufactured goods, and rentier states, being exporters of commodities, have eroded the dominant position of developed countries in the world market; for the latter, they have also represented opportunities for growth and been...

Globalization is everywhere. At least, that’s the impression that it gives: more and more countries are opening up to international trade and fewer and fewer sectors seem to be protected from international competition. This impression correctly matches traditional analyses, which consider that...

Des inquiétudes s’expriment fréquemment en Europe quant au risque d’une “fuite des cerveaux” vers l’étranger, en particulier vers les États-Unis. Les données des recensements américains de 1980 à 2006 nous permettent d’observer le phénomène, en distinguant les cohortes...