Globalization is everywhere. At least, that’s the impression that it gives: more and more countries are opening up to international trade and fewer and fewer sectors seem to be protected from international competition. This impression correctly matches traditional analyses, which consider that...

Des inquiétudes s’expriment fréquemment en Europe quant au risque d’une “fuite des cerveaux” vers l’étranger, en particulier vers les États-Unis. Les données des recensements américains de 1980 à 2006 nous permettent d’observer le phénomène, en distinguant les cohortes...

One almost no longer speaks about them. Neither in international forums, where sound economic policies essentially mean structural reforms, enhanced competition, trade integration and financial supervision; nor in the public debate, except to assign them objectives which are mainly out of their...

Over the past ten years, the emerging economies, being exporters of manufactured goods, and rentier states, being exporters of commodities, have eroded the dominant position of developed countries in the world market; for the latter, they have also represented opportunities for growth and been...

Recent theoretical and empirical literature on international trade has renewed our understanding of specialisation and competition, especially between developed and emerging economies. Specialisation operates at the level of varieties instead of product or sector-level. Furthermore, competition...

As a number of European banks was touched by the American subprime crisis, there is a new urgency to consider the pros and cons of the ongoing globalization of the banking sector. In this letter, we aim to describe foreign exposures of French banks and compare them to the situation in other...