The Food, Agriculture, Conservation and Trade Act of 1990 included a Wetland Reserve Program (WRP). Eligibility and costs for wetland restoration were estimated using data from several large data bases. Estimated minimum costs increased from $286 million for a 1-million-acre reserve to $3.8...

Conventional wisdom holds that optimal abatement subsidy rates should be differentiated across firms according to the (actual or imputed) marginal damages created by a firm’s emissions. When subsidy rates are developed under a limited budget, we find they may be optimally differentiated to...