Existing recreation demand models have paid much attention to the heterogeneous nature of the opportunity cost of time, but generally stipulate constant per mile costs in access price specifications. This study proposes two alternative approaches to introduce user-specific driving costs into...

In the classic externality problem of one polluting firm and a passive victim we consider bargaining when the firm has the prior right to pollute. Assuming that a threat made prior to bargaining is perceived to be credible, the firm will commit itself to an output level that is higher than both...

Two nations seek a cooperative agreement to control bilateral flows of an industrial pollutant. From previous noncooperative production choices, the nations hold a certain amount of sunk capital. If production requires relatively large investments in sunk capital, the nations may find that they...