of firms’ classification according to pattern and intensity of innovation and the use of technology. This topic is of …' innovation competencies, the technology used, and the human skills. Firms in the sample are classified into 4 groups, named …

This paper compares the role innovation plays in productivity across the four European countries France, Germany, Spain … and the UK using firm-level data from the internationally harmonized Community Innovation Surveys (CIS3). Despite a … still rare. We apply a structural model that describes the link between R&D expenditure, innovation output and productivity …

the second scenario. Such conditions imply the existence of an inverse-U shaped relationship between innovation and …

underlying inventions – i.e., their ability to be transformed into something useful and thus constitute innovation. And this is …-think these approaches as ways to stimulate innovation in China. …