This paper reviews the impact of environmental variables on firms’ capital structure throughout the recent financial crises (dot.com bubble, subprime crisis, and European sovereign debt crisis). For the first time, the sovereign general gross debt and current account balance appear in the...

Building on the pecking order theory of Myers and Majluf, (1984) and Myers (1984), the present study empirically analyses the association between the board of directors’ composition and firm financing policies. Particularly, the fraction of independent directors on the board, the fraction of...

In this research we evaluate how corporate ownership around the world is defined and which variables, related to a firm’s characteristics and the countries’ infrastructures, influences this. We find that there are a small number of countries where firms present a lower percentage of block...

In this research paper the main forces that influence different kinds of corporate control of the largest firms by country are evaluated. Firms controlled by individuals, Government, miscellaneous investors or widely held, exist under different circumstances. While firms controlled by...

This essay analyses the relationship between corporate governance practices and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) wages from a sample of Portuguese listed companies over the period from 2002-2011. The relationship between CEO total compensation and shareholders return, firm characteristics, CEO...

In this paper we advance the idea that optimal risk management under the Basel II Accord will typically require the use of a combination of different models of risk. This idea is illustrated by analyzing the best empirical models of risk for five stock indexes before, during, and after the...