This paper tests the causal relationship between electricity consumption per capita and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita for Brazil, India, Indonesia, China and South Africa for the period 1971–2009. To reach this goal, we use panel cointegration analysis and Granger causality tests....

This paper examines the question: ‘What is Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region initially needed: grow output or mitigate CO2 emissions? This question is a focus on the issue of both production function and environmental function based on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) approach....

The aim of this paper is to investigate the causal relationship between electricity consumption and GDP growth for the kingdom of Bahrain during the period 1980–2008. By performing an error-correction model, our results reveal that electricity consumption and GDP are cointegrated. The granger...

The present study investigates the relationship between natural gas consumption and economic growth using Cobb-Douglas production function by incorporating exports, capital and labor as additional factors of production. We applied the ARDL bounds testing approach to test the existence of long...

This paper investigates relationship between information communication technology (ICT), economic growth and electricity consumption using data of UAE over the period of 1975-2011.We have tested the unit properties of variables and the Bayer and Hanck combined cointegration approach for long run...