This study is different from previous energy-GDP cointegration/causality ones by examining whether total energy consumption by industry causes total industry GDP (or vice versa), and whether per capita GDP causes per capita road and residential sector energy use (or vice versa) for a number of...

This paper tests for a sulfur Kuznets curve by examining the sulfur emissions per capita-GDP per capita relationship individually, for 25 OECD countries over 1950-2005 using a reduced-form, linear model that allows for multiple endogenously determined breaks. This approach addresses several...

This work aims to contribute to the contingency view of the relationships between social protection and economic performances, by exploring under what conditions social expenditure is productivity-enhancing or not. Well-designed welfare states and fit socio-economic contexts can yield direct and...

This paper analyzes gasoline consumption per capita, income (GDP per capita), gasoline price, and car ownership per capita for a panel of OECD countries by employing panel unit root and cointegration testing, panel Dynamic and Fully Modified OLS estimations, and panel Granger-causality tests....

This paper focuses on several different measures of OECD countries’ energy intensity levels, plots their trends, applies a number of techniques to determine whether those intensities are converging, explores the importance of that convergence, and estimates the future steady-state or long-run...

The combination way of component efficiencies into the overall efficiency is a central topic in the efficiency modeling of network systems based on data envelopment analysis (DEA). In terms of the feature and advantage of DEA modeling as the multiplier generation on inputs/outputs, it is...

This paper investigates the effect of the customs union between Turkey and the European Union on the balance of trade in Turkey. The framework for analysis is an extended trade gravity model onto which the impact of the customs union is applied. The gravity model of trade is estimated using...

This paper tests for a carbon Kuznets curve (CKC) by examining the carbon emissions per capita-GDP per capita relationship individually, for 23 OECD countries over 1950-2010 using a reduced-form, linear model that allows for multiple endogenously determined breaks. This approach addresses...

This study analyzed the relationship between CO2 emissions of different industries and economic growth in OECD countries from 1970 to 2005. We tested an environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis and found that total CO2 emissions from nine industries show an N-shaped trend instead of an...

Oecd database on net total social expenditure 2001 to 2007 refers to both public and private (by family and business) expenditure, in order to overcome statistical issues in international comparisons due to a wide difference in welfare structures and financing. Evidence from the Oecd countries...