country shows persisting surpluses, which implies a possibility that China has taken this strategy. …

, margin of trade between Japan and China after China's entry into the World Trade Organization in 2001. The new goods account … for 15.9% of Japanese exports to China and 22% of Chinese exports to Japan after trade liberalization. For the case of …

less efficient. However, so far this question is difficult to analyse for China since we lack information on one of the … the provinces of China between 1922 and 2010. Using our new dataset, together with physical capital and per capita GDP …, whereas until the reform period China was largely driven by capital accumulation, afterwards general technical development got …