An article about the directions and priorities of the regional policy of the state to regulate the regional water consumption in the Omsk region. The authors analyze the situation with the water consumption in China, Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation, as well as alternative ways of solving...

Atmospheric concentration of the Green House Gases, Carbon Dioxide, Methane and Nitrous Oxide has increased largely since Industrial Revolution. Continued GHG emissions at or above current rates would cause further warming and induce many changes in global climate system. Climate changes will...

Turkey is heavily dependent on expensive imported energy resources (oil, gas and coal) that place a big burden on the economy. Air pollution is also becoming a great environmental concern in the country. In this regard, renewable energy resources appear to be one of the most efficient and...

In this paper, we used the production function method and the Van Norden method to estimate China's output gap (and potential output) from 1985 to 2009 year,and comparise the two methods. The results showed that: (1) the results of different methods are basically consistent with our economic...

This document compares the proprieties of different empirical methodologies to estimate the output gap and the potential output (non-observable variables of interest to the design of monetary policy and macroeconomic analysis) using Dominican Republic as a case of study. The output gap and...

An attempt is made in this paper to arrive at an estimate of the output gap for the Maltese economy on a quarterly and annual basis. Two approaches are adopted, namely the Hodrick-Prescott filter and the aggregate production function method, with their results being benchmarked with the results...

The central point of this paper is that both - internal and external - equilibria ought to be involved in the estimation of potential output. If only the data on inflation, unemployment rate and wages are used for its evaluation, no certainty exists that such a level will correspond to a stable...

The methodology used in this paper has three distinguishing features: the natural rate of unemployment and potential output are jointly estimated; estimation integrates wage and price data with "real" and structural data; and third, the methodology encompasses many of the methods found in the...

We develop a new version of the production function (PF) approach usually used for estimating the output gap of the euro area. Our version does not call for any (often imprecise) measure of the capital stock and improves the estimation of the trend total factor productivity. We asses this...

The objective of this study is to estimate potential output vis-à-vis output gap for Pakistan’s economy. This paper reviews six commonly used techniques to estimate potential output and from that the output gap. The results suggest that while measures of output gap are not identical they...