development since the euro introduction. We structured our paper on chapters that present its economic importance, the … growth since the introduction of the euro can be explained by developments in economic activity, the costs of issuance and … securities issued by non-monetary financial corporations. However, the use of corporate bonds at the euro area level is not …

The paper evaluates the present and future international currency status of the US dollar, the euro and the yen. In … integration of European financial markets emphasizing the enormous structural changes that came about since the euro has been …

In common with the other periphery countries that joined the euro-zone in 1998-2000, Spain enjoyed ten years of … economic prosperity, essentially debt-financed. The financial crisis of 2008 has revealed deep structural problems in the euro … periphery countries. But the Spanish problems with de-leveraging suggest further difficulties for the euro-zone as it attempts …

The economic integration among Euro members has important consequences for the factors driving asset pricing and asset … trading within the financial markets. In particular, since the start of the Euro, cross-country equity index correlations in …. This paper studies the impact of these recent structural changes on the Euro-wide sectoral equity indices. We modeled the …

The process of European integration and especially the introduction of the euro as the single currency for up to now 12 … member countries of the EU in 1999 may alter the existing clear currency hierarchy. The euro area is comparable in size to …

different movements of paired currencies (US index-US Gold, US Gold-Euro Gold, US Gold-Ringgit Gold, and Euro Gold-Pound Gold …