Showing 1 - 10 of 203
This paper studies the causes and consequences of political centralization and fragmentation in China and Europe. We argue that the severe and unidirectional threat of external invasion fostered political centralization in China while Europe faced a wider variety of smaller external threats and...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011107666
This analysis clarifies the ambiguous results from military spending and economic growth literature where the impact of military expenditure is frequently found to be non-significant or negative. Investigation re-examines effects of military spending on growth by analysing this relationship...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011107746
This paper examines the use of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCMs) as a technique for modeling political and crisis situations and supporting the decision-making process. FCMs use notions borrowed from artificial intelligence and neural networks to combine concepts and causal relationships, in the form...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011107777
We use two theoretical categories of the work of Robert Nozick (1974), (a) protection agencies and (b) minimal state, to illustrate by analogy to the CMSP, the dilemmas arising from the use of private military in regions with civil wars and conflicts irregular. We see that the relations...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011108013
In this study, we try to discover the variables susceptible to affect the peace. To arrive there, we made resort to the analysis in cross-sectional. We find that the institutional variables are auspicious to the peace, especially the political stability. The macroeconomic variables are, on the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011108502
This paper introduces a new factor, environment, into nuclear arms race model. In this model, nuclear weapons produce larger defense power compared with conventional arms, but hurt the environment meanwhile. In the global welfare maximum level, both conventional and nuclear weapons budget are...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011108648
The debate over the economic effects of military spending continues to develop, with no consensus, but a deepening understanding of the issues and limitations of previous work. A recent survey has suggested that the inclusion of post Cold War data has tended to make finding a negative effect...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011108680
In this paper we explore the impact of the insurgency and military deployment on the livelihoods of the local communities in Afghanistan. We use monthly wages and commodity prices at the provincial level over the period 2003-2009 and look for their response to conflict events and ISAF...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011109087
This study aims to investigate the impact of terrorism on Pakistani industry excess returns and systematic risk. Value weighted monthly returns for non-financial firms listed at Karachi Stock Exchange, from January 2001 to December 2010, are used for this study. A multiplicative term to study...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011109623
This paper presents the dynamic behavior of a hybrid system comprising Fuzzy Cognitive Maps and Genetic Algorithms, and focuses on the behavior observed when the system reaches equilibrium at fixed points or limit cycle. More specifically, the present works examines the theoretical background of...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011109720