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The paper proposes a method to speed up the transition toward the notional contributions pension system in Italy. It seems the most appropriate manner to combine and pursue employment and financial sustainability goals. The method computes percentages for abating the old retributive pensions...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011112697
efficiency-enhancing redistribution improves everyone’s welfare including the welfare of those whose labor finances the …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005623542
This paper studies the redistribution effect of personal income tax in Pakistan. We decompose the overall tax system in order to evaluate the contribution of rate, allowances, deductions, exemptions and credits. The structure given in Income Tax Ordinance, 2001, is applied to gross household...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10005078647
The paper aims to describe the evolution part of the economy and power to tax in Colombia. It also explains the failure of the government and the problems that have expanded public sector expenditures. Furthermore, we identify the aspects of political economy have influenced the evolution of the...
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10009652920
at helping the poor is not clear. In this chapter we assess the targeting performance of a similar subsidy for … poor than those without access, the program’s overall performance is low in terms of poverty reduction. Targeting through …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10004992045
The paper examines the welfare implications of price targeting from the perspective of when central bank has … was observed that the principle of Pareto optimality holds while there will be welfare loss and social bliss denied in … the goal of ensuring maximum welfare and social justice in the society. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011110787
and raises importable production while a tax cut does not have any effect. The welfare implication is ambiguous in case of … a decrease in cost of corruption. A tax cut, however, raises the welfare unambiguously. …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011111111
their peculiar institutional characteristics that can lessen the gravity of detrimental welfare consequence of exogenous …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011112519
income inequality by 2030. However, the potential reduction can be fully accounted for by the projected convergence in …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011107392
In this paper, we address the issue of how education affected income inequality in twentieth-century Africa. Three … channels are identified through which education may affect income inequality. First, an increase in the average educational … level is correlated with an increase in average income, which, ceteris paribus, reduces inequality. Second, a reduction in …
Persistent link: https://www.econbiz.de/10011112127