. Enterprises embarking on a reverse auction initiative often start with their commodity purchases. We conduct laboratory … sealed bid auction and has the same symmetric Nash equilibrium. However, the request for quote allows identification of … strategies in the sell auction counterpart. Consequently we estimate that one-fourth of the subjects follow a simple mark-up rule …

such procurement is an English auction followed by an auctioneer's option to engage in ultimatum bargaining with the winner … equilibrium strategy of exiting the auction at their costs and then accepting strictly profitable offers. Buyers generally … with auction prices when they should be invariant. We explain this deviation by modeling buyers' subjective posteriors …

strategic best response. Rule switching probabilities depend upon a bidder's past auction outcomes. We apply this model to a new … experiment that varies the number of bidders, the auction frame between forward and reverse, and includes the collection of …