employed cointegration and Granger-causality tests on stochastic systems composed of exports, imports and GDP. In order to have …, export-led-growth hypothesis is verified. Bi-directional causality found for exports and output in the case of Czech Republic … and EU 15 is implying a virtuous circle of growth and exports, case that should be desirable for all the countries from …

additional determinant of economic growth using the framework of Mankiw (1992). The results confirm cointegration among the …The study investigates effect of trade openness on economic growth in the long run. We apply the ARDL bounds testing … series. In long run, trade openness promotes economic growth. The growth-led-trade hypothesis is vindicated by VECM Granger …

introduced by Thirlwall (1979). According to cointegration analysis exports were an important determinant in the Bolivian … growth. Further results show that Bolivian imports are more elastics than exports respect to the GDP, determining a negative …Theoretical and empirical literature have focused on supply factors when studying economic growth determinants. The …

main target of almost every economy. Promoting exports of the country is one of the ways of achieving economic growth …-run relationship. There is also a bi-directional Granger-causality between the total exports and agricultural GDP. However, for short …This paper is an attempt to investigate the causal relationships among agriculture and exports in Pakistan by using …

According to Kaldor (1970), regional growth patterns arise from a cumulative causation process as broadly combining two … exportations. This paper attempts to assess empirically the Kaldor’s framework in characterizing economic growth for 11 ALADI … be pointed out a group of countries for which the link between productivity gains and demand growth has become weaker …

The objective of this study is to investigate the causality between electricity consumption and economic growth for a … bivariate framework. To examine this linkage, we applied panel cointegration methods and panel causality test. Our results show … that 16.66% of MENA countries supported the growth hypothesis, 25% the conservation hypothesis, 33.33% the feedback …

and growth in Pakistan. Furthermore, the results of causality test and variance decomposition analysis suggest a … unidirectional causality running from natural gas consumption to economic growth. Gas being the primary source of energy in Pakistan …This paper examines the relationship between natural gas consumption and economic growth in Pakistan using a …

-run relationship between financial development and economic growth. An augmented form of Granger causality analysis is implemented to … 1968 to 2005. The bounds testing approach to cointegration is conducted to establish the existence of a long … identify the direction of causality among the variables both in the short-run and the long-run. The empirical findings suggest …

The New Information Age & the Stock Market Growth Puzzle Mr. Manoj Subhash Kamat* Mrs. Manasvi Manoj Kamat** Abstract … We investigate the nexus between developments in financial intermediation with the growth in capital market activity and … emerges from Granger-causality test based on vector error correction model (VECM) further reveals that in the long run, stock …

and short-run Granger causality running from GDP to electricity consumption for Togo. The results of the cointegration … ARDL bounds testing approach of cointegration. Long-run equilibrium has been established among these variables for Benin …. The study further establishes long- and short-run Granger causality running from GDP to electricity consumption for Benin …