The international debate on the question of whether shared and/or public sanitation facilities should be considered improved is still open. The concern is that a shared sanitation facility cannot be maintained in hygienic conditions when used by too many people. The analysis of 1’500 randomly...

The study of the link between debt and growth has been full of debates, both in theory and empirics. However, there is a growing consensus that the relationship is sensitive to the level of debt. Our paper tries to address the question of non linearity in the long term relationship between...

In the light of the current global financial and economic crises, how would governments in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) allocate their budgets across sectors in response to a binding debt-servicing constraint? Within a framework of public-expenditure choice, the present paper estimates...

Tourism is increasingly being promoted as an important source of economic growth especially in developing countries. While there are many elements that contribute to tourism growth, without an efficient air transport system, it is almost impossible for a number of landlocked and geographically...

Recent studies show that colonization and ethnolinguistic fragmentation have relevant long-lasting impacts on ex-colonies and might explain development and underdevelopment of different parts of the world. The aim of this paper is to connect these two strands of the literature to some extent by...

The main aim of this paper is to know if foreign direct investment can be consider like a cause of sub Saharan African export’s dependence against raw materials, and, for this purpose, we have assessed, in panel data, the effect of foreign direct investment in cfa franc zone on her...

The main aim of this paper is to know if infrastructures/technology and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) can be consider like a cause of sub Saharan African export’s dependence against raw materials, and, for this purpose, we have assessed, in panel data, the effect of...