This study attempts to analyze the causal relationship between inflation and productivity of labor and capital, in Pakistan’s economy by covering the period from 1960-M1 to 2007-M12. For this purpose Vector Autoregression (VAR) approach is used, which is based on error correction model (ECM)....

Urban water demand is rapidly growing in India due to high growth in urban population and rapid industrialization. Meeting this growing demand is a big challenge for the urban planners in India. Incidentally, urban areas in arid and semi arid regions of India are experiencing rapid growth. As a...

The objective of this study was to test the market efficiency hypothesis of Colombian coffee. This is of extreme importance to Colombia because the exports of coffee from this country provides for valuable foreign exchange and provides employment for her people. Historically this country has...

The condensed research article presents some innovative research results on the venture capital optimal investment portfolio strategies selection in the diffusion-type financial systems in the imperfect highly volatile global capital markets with the incomplete information, which are...

Since times of Yule (1926), it is known that correlation between two time series can produce spurious results. Granger and Newbold (1974) see the roots of spurious correlation in non-stationarity of the time series. However the study of Granger, Hyung and Jeon (2001) prove that spurious...

ABSTRACT Medellín became the capital city of Antioquia when a change in the production paradigm was established: the change of mining to agricultural and livestock production farm, which allowed the emergence of a fledgling industry in a city that, did not have the features expected to be...

This paper surveys the literature that examines the effect of education on economic growth. Specifically, we apply meta-regression analysis to 56 studies with 979 estimates and show that there is substantial publication selection bias towards a positive impact of education on growth. Once we...

Determination of the lag length of an autoregressive process is one of the most difficult parts of ARIMA modeling. Various lag length selection criteria (Akaike Information Criterion, Schwarz Information Criterion, Hannan-Quinn Criterion, Final Prediction Error, Corrected version of AIC) have...

We propose a fully nonparametric estimation theory for the drift vector and the diffusion matrix of multivariate diffusion processes. The estimators are sample analogues to infinitesimal conditional expectations constructed as Nadaraya-Watson kernel averages. Minimal assumptions are imposed on...

During the economic crisis periods, due to the discouraged worker and added worker effects, we may not gather healthy information from the unemployment rates concerning the labor market. For this reason, it is claimed in the literature that the Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR) may be a...